IS YOUR COMPUTER READY FOR SEA DUTY?

- by Tim Hasson

Originally published in the January, 2006 issue of SAIL Magazine.
Copyright (c) 2006 by Tim Hasson
 

Introduction

On a recent long-weekend cruise to the Outer Banks in North Carolina, I counted three laptop computers packed aboard our modest boat.  Why would anyone want to lug around so much CPU power while cruising?  In our case it was so four of us, each with our own pressing careers and obligations, could steal away for a few days and go sailing -- yet still remain in touch with our respective offices back home.

We also used a computer to download weather information and to plan our trip using electronic charting software.  On the one night it rained, we curtailed boredom by watching a DVD on a laptop.

While our "computer-count to boat-length" ratio might seem a little extreme, we're not alone.  More and more people are adding a computer to the list of electronic devices routinely carried on board, for uses like those mentioned above and more.  

However there are some unique considerations posed by PC's in the marine world.  Over the years we've developed some standard practices that help ensure painless and trouble-free operation.  Many of these are outlined below, and we hope they'll give you some ideas on ways to increase your computer's usefulness as a tool and minimize time spent troubleshooting or repairing problems.

One note: the tips below apply mainly to Windows-based PC's, specifically those running Microsoft's Windows XP Operating System, as this is the most likely scenario for most readers.  However, many of these ideas transfer in principle to other systems as well.

Preparation

Just as when you purchase a new set of sails, a little time spent fine-tuning and tweaking settings will go a long way towards optimizing your computer for duty at sea.

Windows-based computers are most comfortable in a connected environment, with the Internet close at hand for robot-driven updates to software and services.  But on a boat with a much slower and more expensive connection to the Internet than what we use at home, some of these "automatic" features can become annoying and downright expensive.

If you'll be using your onboard computer with a device which connects to the Internet -- like Globalstar, Iridium, Inmarsat, or even a cell phone -- there are steps you can take in advance to temporarily disable these functions.  Turning off these default settings will save you connect time and money over the duration of your passage.

One of your first steps should be to turn off Windows Error Reporting.  This is the little box that pops up when a program encounters a problem, offering to send an error report to Microsoft for analysis.  You could just press the "Don't Send" button whenever you see this box, but it's more gratifying to do away with this nuisance "alert" altogether.  One important note, though -- if the Send Error Report box appears frequently when you're using a particular program or device then there's a good chance your computer or the software in question needs an update or replacement.

Also disable Windows automatic updates.  Bring your computer up to speed with the latest security patches shortly before you plan to depart.  Then halt this function while you're off cruising, with a mental note to re-enable it and make everything current again once you're in a place where it's convenient to do so.  You'll probably manage to enjoy a safe and comfortable passage without the benefits of the new Windows Media Player version 99, even if it becomes available while you're somewhere in mid-ocean.

Treat automatic updates to your anti-virus software just like Windows updates, above.  Download the latest and do a complete scan just before departing, then disable automatic downloading until you're back in port.  If you're using a good Email provider who specializes in satellite connections, your risk of contracting a computer virus while you're "off the grid" is relatively minimal. 

Along similar lines, you'll also want to turn off any "live streaming" or RSS feeds you have flowing to your computer while you're plugged in back at the ranch.  These include things like real-time stock quotes, weather alerts, and breaking news stories that are typically displayed in your web browser's toolbar.  In short, take a look around your computer and if you find a service that moves data over the Internet without your asking for it directly, turn it off for the period you'll be using a satellite connection.

There is one update option you do want to explore.  For programs you use onboard, like electronic charting or weather software, it's a good idea to find out if there are any new program releases or bug-fixes before you go.  Many programs will have a "check for updates" feature, usually under the Help option on the main menu.  Carefully weigh the decision to upgrade or change your software against the amount of time you'll have to learn new features and test for compatibility with other equipment.  Of course, if the upgrade fixes a problem you've been experiencing the decision is less complicated.

Also examine your computer's power management settings.  Computers have built-in capabilities to monitor and consume power with extreme prudence.  On the flip-side, it's generally not much fun to have your navigation screen go blank just as you're entering that tricky inlet in foggy darkness on an outgoing tide.  The computer's power management settings are under your direct control, and for most users we generally advise leaving all devices set to "always on" while the system is connected to an external power source.

Modern boat designs are open and airy, which also admits plenty of daylight down below where the computer sits.   This can make viewing a standard LCD screen difficult.   One way to compensate is to set your display background to pure white.  While it won't really make your screen any brighter, the enhanced contrast between colorful icons on a white background will make your screen a good bit more readable in bright conditions.  One catch with this "trick" is that the default mouse cursor is also white, so you'll want to change the pointer to black or another contrasting color.

Once your computer is set to go and working properly with devices like your GPS and satellite phone, one of the more proactive steps you can take is to use the Windows System Restore feature.  System Restore creates a "snapshot" of your computer's configuration.  If your computer's setup changes down the line, perhaps as a result of a crash or inadvertent shutdown, this utility will let you "roll back" your system to the original configuration.   While it's not always a cure-all, setting a restore point is easy, and it can be a real lifesaver.

NOTE: For a handy step-by-step guide to the computer settings above, visit SAIL magazine at this link.


Mounting/Installation

Where you'll keep the computer aboard your boat is a key consideration that involves tradeoffs between your needs and those of the computer.    In short, you want the system to be accessible, but remain safe and dry.  In our experience the most common injuries to seafaring computers come from being dropped or banged upon, as opposed to "salt air" or water damage. 

Find a spot where the system can be mounted securely and will likely remain out of harm's way.  For laptops especially, there are a number of innovative mounting solutions available like the family of RAM Mounts available from National Products, Inc.

Good ventilation is crucial, and if the system will be stowed in a locker then add a vent or fan to increase airflow. 

A clean source of power is also important.  Laptops can be powered by 12V adapters or a small inverter dedicated to the computer.  For desktop or other AC-powered systems, a small Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) will maintain power to the computer during voltage-drop periods like engine-starting, and permit an orderly shutdown if the boat's inverter fails.

What to Take With You

Pack along the CD's that came with your computer, including the manufacturer's "System Recovery CD".  Take all the programs you use, and don't forget "driver" or "utility" CD's for things like printers and digital cameras.  If you use your computer for electronic navigation, bring along your charts so you can reload or install new areas as needed.  Many programs require you provide a serial number or "unlock code" when you install them.  Be sure you have this information with you, as well.

It's a good idea to make a list of key pieces of equipment, including your computer and any related devices, noting the manufacturer, model number, serial number and date/place of purchase.  You'll likely need this information if you require support assistance or repairs, and it can be invaluable in the case of loss or theft. 

Don't forget to note Technical Support phone numbers (or at the very least, memorize the home number of your brainiest relative).  Bear in mind that "toll free" 800 numbers may not work outside the US/Canada.  It's also helpful to note what time zone the company is in, so you can place your call at an appropriate time when phoning from abroad. 

Software instruction manuals are rapidly going the way of hemp lines and cotton sails, in favor of the "help" file built-in to most programs.  Do take along any installation guidance or booklets from the vendor you think might be useful.  Also consider writing up a few "cheat sheets".  A one-pager, for example, on "how to upload a route from the computer navigation program to the GPS" is great for crew who may not be familiar with the gear on your boat, or as a refresher if you've been away for a while.

Wiring diagrams are a great aid to troubleshooting.  Drawings don't have to be fancy to be useful.  For each device, grab a blank sheet of paper and sketch out how it hooks up and gets powered. Where appropriate, draw pin assignments for connections to external devices, or photocopy the appropriate page from the equipment manual for ready reference.  Label the cables with wire tags and note the labeling scheme on your drawings.  Another way to document connections is to take a digital photograph of the back of each device and make notes on the picture using a simple drawing program like Microsoft Paint.

To document program settings, like the configuration for your GPS or the setup for your satellite telephone, take a "screen shot" from the program and then paste it into a document stored right on the computer.

All of these discs, manuals, wiring diagrams and instructions can be can be organized neatly in a 3-ring binder, with CD-holder pages for the discs and clear plastic "pocket protector" pages for the paper goods. 

Finally, don't forget extra cables and adapters.  Take a long phone cable and a computer network cable for getting connected in places where the data outlet and power plug are at opposite ends of the room.  Pack along extension serial or USB cables, as well, and a spare "power brick" for laptop computers isn't a bad idea.  Speaking of power, don't forget AC voltage and plug adapters to convert "foreign" power if you'll be traveling abroad.

Cool Accessories

While not absolutely essential, there are add-on accessories available that can make your mobile computing experience easier or more fun. 

For laptop users, a flexible Power Adapter like the iGo Juice or those available from Targus can expand your power options.  These run off AC or can plug into a cigarette-lighter adapter to power the computer from your 12V system - which is also handy in the car or on long plane flights.  The iGo gets high marks from us because it comes with a variety of adapter tips to power other devices - everything from the iPod to charging many cell phones.

A padded and water-resistant carrying case like those from Pelican is great for when the laptop rides along in the dinghy for a visit to the local Internet café.  These can be a little awkward to stow onboard, but provide a place to store all the myriad cables and power adapters mentioned above

Some laptops have a small LED built in which illuminates the keyboard at night.  Keyboard lights that clip on to the laptop's display and shine down are also available from a variety of sources, and will help you avoid typing gibberish in the dark.

USB keys are small memory devices which plug in to a USB port, and appear to your computer as an additional (small) disk drive.  While they're tiny, these gizmos can hold way more information than the old 3.5" diskette drives that used to come in computers.  They're great for swapping digital pictures and documents like recipes with fellow cruisers.

Conclusion

The value of an onboard PC as a tool lies in its flexibility.  A computer can go from being a navigation device to weather-gathering instrument to entertainment appliance with a mere click of the mouse.

With a modest amount of planning and forethought, your onboard computer should serve you faithfully over thousands of sea-miles. 

NOTE: For a handy step-by-step guide to the computer settings above, visit SAIL magazine at this link.

Tim Hasson can be reached at +1.610.287.0703 or via Email to thasson@TechYacht.com